Title  Walls of Time (16mm) (16731) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 25 minutes 

Produced  1972 

Distributor Pyramid Film & Video (0437) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Documents the history of Biblical translations in English, from Wyclif to today's new version, THE LIVING BIBLE. 

Subjects  Bible 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  The Wave: A Japanese Folk Tale (16mm) (16757) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 9 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor Phoenix/Bfa Films (0427) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (PE) 

Synopsis  A Japanese folk tale about an old man who saved the people of his small fishing village from a tidal wave by setting fire to the rice fields. Designed to motivate discussion of family relationships and values. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, copy

Title  Ways of Water (16mm) (16765) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 13 minutes 

Produced  1971 

Distributor Ebec (0160) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  A study of the water cycle as observed in the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State. 

Subjects  Water 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  We Have No Art: We Do Everything as Well as We Can (16mm) (16773) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 26 minutes 

Produced  1967 

Distributor Baylis (0057) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  A sampling of the teaching methods and ideas of artist-teacher Sister Corita at the Immaculate Heart College in Los Angeles. Includes classroom conversations about art and teaching, describes various assignments and projects, and shows the students looking at films, going on field trips, attending lectures, and doing everything as well as they can. 

Subjects  Art 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  The Weapons of Gordon Parks (16mm) (16780) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 30 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  This film takes a sociological point of view in presenting the life and work of LIFE photojournalist Gordon Parks. Mr. Parks' weapons against poverty and prejudice are his talents and interest, at work and at leisure. 

Author  FORMA, WARREN. 

Subjects  Parks, Gordon, 1912-; Photography 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Weep No More, My Lady (16mm) (16785) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 24 minutes 

Produced  1978 

Distributor International Health Awareness Cent (0266) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (EJSCA) 

Synopsis  An animated adventure about a 13-year-old boy who takes in a stray dog that brings him joy and teaches him a poignant lesson in what it takes to become a man. 

Author  STREET, JAMES H. 

Subjects  Dogs; Teenagers Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Western Canada: Land of Discovery (16mm) (16790) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 20 minutes 

Produced  1978 

Distributor Canadian Travel Film Library (0092) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Western Canada is a country of emerald lakes, snow-capped peaks and gently rolling prairie that seems to exist for the sheer purpose of pleasing the eye. 

Subjects  Canada 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Western Hero (16mm) (16792) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 30 minutes 

Produced  1963 

Distributor American Printing House For The Bli (0032) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Traces the history of western movies from their earliest form in THE GREAT TRAIN ROBBERY to films such as HIGH NOON and the TV series GUNSMOKE. Describes the evolution of the Western hero, including scenes of William S. Hart, Tom Mix, Gene Autry, Gary Cooper, and John Wayne. 

Subjects  Motion Pictures; Television 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Title  The Western Story (16mm) (16793) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 27 minutes 

Produced  1954 

Distributor Star Satellite (0489) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Hillary invites Abbott and Costello to visit her at her uncle's dude ranch. After several attempts at milking a cow the boys are forced to join the posse tracking down cattle rustlers. Costello tangles with the leader of the outlaw gang in a Western saloon, resulting in a shoot-out. 

Subjects  Abbott, Bud, 1895-1974; Costello, Lou, 1906-1959; Television 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Western Territory (16mm) (16794) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 27 minutes 

Produced  1975 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  A panoramic trip through Oregon. 

Subjects  Oregon 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  What Color Is the Wind? (16mm) (16806) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 27 minutes 

Produced  1973 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  Presents the story of twin boys, one born blind and the other sighted. Shows how their parents, with some professional help, worked to help the blind son overcome the effect of his handicap so that he could enjoy opportunities and meet challenges equal to those of the sighted world. 

Author  GRANT, ALLAN, 

Subjects  Blind 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  What If You Couldn't Read (16mm) (16822) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 28 minutes 

Produced  1979 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Focuses on an illiterate fur trader who, after 40 years of being unable to read and write, has begun learning these skills with the help of a tutor. Shows how the ability to read has changed his marriage and entire life. 

Subjects  Literacy 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  What Is a Cat? (16mm) (16823) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 13 minutes 

Produced  1975 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Presents the history of the domestic cat, tracing the animal as a house pet and as a symbol of mystery and worship from ancient Egypt to the present day. Offers hints on the care and treatment of cats in homes of today. 

Subjects  Cats 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  What on Earth? (16mm) (16845) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 10 minutes 

Produced  1966 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Presents an animated cartoon about Martians who visit earth and are confused aabout whether the prevailing and most intelligent form of life on earth is man or the automobile. 

Subjects  Ecology 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  What's in a Horn? (16mm) (17991) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 13 minutes 

Produced  1986 

Distributor Ebec (0160) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12) (EJS) 

Series  Instruments of the Symphony Orchestra (0166) 

Synopsis  Shows how a horn produces different ranges of sound. Promotes awareness of music, rhythm, color, and structure via a performance of a brass quintet. 

Subjects  Musical Instruments 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Wheels, Wheels, Wheels (16mm) (16886) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 11 minutes 

Produced  1969 

Distributor Phoenix/Bfa Films (0427) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (PE) 

Synopsis  Explores the weird and wonderful world of wheels by examining the incredibly varied forms of wheels that make civilization run. 

Subjects  Children's Films; Wheels 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Whistle for Willie (16mm) (16920) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 6 minutes 

Produced  1966 

Distributor Weston Woods (0556) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3) (KP) 

Synopsis  Peter can't whistle, so how can he call his dog Willie? He must learn to whistle. 

Author  KEATS, EZRA JACK. 

Subjects  Children's Films; Keats, Ezra Jack, 1916-1983 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  White Cloud Peaks (16mm) (16921) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 20 minutes 

Produced  1972 

Distributor Film Originals (0189) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Pictures the mountain ecosystem of White Cloud Peaks in Idaho, showing plant and animal life, cirques flanked with moraines, meadows, barren ridges, gnarled trees, and forests of the area. Notes that this ecosystem exhibits three separate geological ages. 

Subjects  Idaho 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Title  White Mane (16mm) (16924) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 38 minutes 

Produced  1975 

Distributor Texture Films (0514) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12) (EJS) 

Synopsis  The legend of a boy's friendship with a proud white stallion and their combined resistance against men who try to capture the horse. Set in Southern France. 

Author  LAMORISSE, ALBERT. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  The White Seal (16mm) (16925) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 26 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Lucerne Films (0323) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (KPE) 

Synopsis  Based on a tale in Kipling's THE JUNGLE BOOK, this animated film follows the exploits of Kotick, the white seal, as he struggles to survive and save his friends from seal hunters in the Bering Sea. 

Subjects  Children's Films; Kipling, Rudyard, 1865-1936 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Who Are You? (16mm) (16931) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 9 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (PE) 

Synopsis  Explores the concept of self-identity through a humorous animated story of a puppy who investigates his new environment in search of discovering his mission and identity. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Who's Who in the Zoo? (16mm) (16943) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 12 minutes 

Produced  1975 

Distributor Centron Corp. (0104) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6) (E) 

Synopsis  Career education film introducing a number of careers involving animal care. Shows zoo director, curators, keepers, zoologist and other workers at the zoo. Concepts emphasized include work specialization, division of labor, chain of command, and job satisfaction. 

Subjects  Children's Films; Zoos 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Why Do You Smile, Mona Lisa? (16mm) (16954) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 11 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  College, Adult (CA) 

Synopsis  A whimsical cartoon offering one theory on the origin of the famous smile of Mona Lisa, depicting her as a dumpy, scowling wife whose husband wants a smiling portrait while she has her eye on Leonardo's assistant and has her own idea of what is worth a smile. 

Subjects  Experimental Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Why Man Creates (16mm) (16958) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 25 minutes 

Produced  1970 

Distributor Pyramid Film & Video (0437) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Demonstrates the nature of the creative process and the variety, richness, and importance of creative vision. 

Subjects  Art 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Wilbur's Story (16mm) (16968) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 12 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (KPE) 

Synopsis  Presents an episode based on E. B. White's book entitled CHARLOTTE'S WEB, in which a pig named Wilbur is saved from the sausage grinder by his literate friend, a spider named Charlotte, who schemes to save him by weaving into her web the spelling of words which sing Wilbur's praise. 

Author  WHITE, E. B. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Title  Wild Wings (16mm) (16974) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 35 minutes 

Produced  1967 

Distributor International Film Bureau (0265) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  Shows the activities involved in the study and conservation of the 122 species of ducks, geese, and swans which migrate to, or live permanently at, the Wildfowl Trust, Slimbridge, England, a bird sanctuary located on the Gloucestershire marshes. Discusses numerous research projects and pictures many rare species of wildfowl which have seldom been filmed. 

Subjects  Birds 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  William Mayne (16mm) (16979) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 16 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Connecticut Films (0135) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  William Mayne, English author of stories for children, talks about his books, his childhood, and the small English village where he lives. 

Subjects  Authors; Mayne, William, 1928- 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Williamsburg: The Story of a Patriot (16mm) (16990) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 36 minutes 

Produced  1966 

Distributor Mcgraw-Hill Films (0334) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Portrays the experience of a fictional, but typical, character, John Frye, a Virginia planter, as he meets and reacts to such influential fellow members of the House of Burgesses as Patrick Henry, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, John Randolph, and others during the controversial times immediately preceeding the Revolution. Shows the inner conflicts that John Frye shares with others who must weigh their American Patriotism against their faithfulness to the Crown. Major factors that alienated the colonies from British rule are recounted. 

Subjects  Colonial Period; United States-1600-1775 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  THE WINGED COLT, pt. 2 (16MM) (17002) 

Physical  Color; Sound 

Produced  1977 

Distributor International Health Awareness Cent (0266) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9) (EJ) 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  THE WINGED COLT, pt. 3 (16MM) (17003) 

Physical  Color; Sound 

Produced  1977 

Distributor International Health Awareness Cent (0266) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9) (EJ) 

Author  BYARS, BETSY CROMER. 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Winter Comes to the Forest (16mm) (17016) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 11 minutes 

Produced  1964 

Distributor Coronet/Mti Film & Video (0139) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (PE) 

Synopsis  Illustrates the many ways in which living things adapt to live through the winter—for example, buds which contain tiny leaves, the cocoon of a moth, a chickadee looking for insect eggs, and dormant seeds which will grow in the spring. 

Subjects  Seasons 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Winter Geyser (16mm) (17019) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 7 minutes 

Produced  1966 

Distributor Phoenix/Bfa Films (0427) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (PEJSCA) 

Synopsis  Shows the end of summer and fall merging into winter. Includes scenes of steams, mud pots and geysers of Yellowstone National Park against the backdrop of snow and ice. 

Subjects  Geology; Yellowstone National Park 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Winter Wings (16mm) (17020) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 20 minutes 

Produced  1978 

Distributor Echo Films (0161) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  CINE Award for Best Sports Documentary of 1978. Compares the flight of an eagle with powder skiing and surfing. 

Subjects  Skis and Skiing; Surfing 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Winter World (16mm) (17021) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 18 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor Film Originals (0189) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Demonstrates fundamental techniques for protecting oneself from freezing under outdoor winter conditions and describes a method of sleeping in a snow cave. 

Subjects  Hypothermia; Snow Caves 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Title  The Wizard (16mm) (17037) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 8 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6) (E) 

Synopsis  A small-town wizard uses his magical powers to cast spells on his neighbors, but finds that this practice makes him a lonely man. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  The Wolf and the Whitetail (16mm) (17038) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 26 minutes 

Produced  1979 

Distributor Marty Stouffer Productions (0331) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  Traces the growth and development of the timber wolf and white-tailed deer and examines their interrelationship as predator and prey. 

Subjects  Wolves 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  World of Andrew Wyeth (16mm) (17093) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 26 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor International Film Bureau (0265) 

Audience  College, Adult (CA) 

Synopsis  Shows over thirty-five of Andrew Wyeth's paintings, blending the artist's representational style with actual scenes from the Pennsylvania and Maine countryside. Covers significant facts in Wyeth's life. 

Subjects  Art, Renaissance; Wyeth, Andrew, 1917- 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  THE WORLD OF CARL SANDBURG, pt. 1 (16MM) (17094) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 59 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor Phoenix/Bfa Films (0427) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  A tribute to Carl Sandburg, biographer of Lincoln, poet and singer of songs of the people. 

Subjects  Authors; Sandburg, Carl, 1878-1967 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  World of the American Craftsman: The World of Vivika Heino (16mm) (17096) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 30 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (0450) 

Audience  College, Adult (CA) 

Synopsis  Explains how Vivika and Otto Heino express their interpretation of life through pottery making. 

Subjects  Artists; Potters 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  World of the Beaver (16mm) (17097) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 32 minutes 

Produced  1972 

Distributor Phoenix/Bfa Films (0427) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  Follows a beaver from his birth through his life with his mate; emphasizes the ecological role of the beaver. Shows the swimming styles of many other animals that inhabit the beaver ponds. 

Subjects  Beavers 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Title  The World Tree: A Scandinavian Creation Myth (16mm) (17101) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 10 minutes 

Produced  1978 

Distributor International Film Bureau (0265) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  An art film which depicts the Scandinavian myth of Voluspa involving the opposing forces of fire and ice, the frost giant, the ice cows, and the gods who created everything on Earth, including the world tree which formed a bridge between the gods and the universe they had created. 

Subjects  Folklore 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Writ in Sand: The Art of Luther A. Douglas (16mm) (17110) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 17 minutes 

Produced  1984 

Distributor Vicki Douglas (0536) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (EJSCA) 

Synopsis  This film is about the life of Luther A. Douglas, centering on his work with sandpaintings and the Navajo Indians. 

Subjects  Artists; Douglas, Luther A., 1919-1976; Indians of North America 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Yankee Doodle (16mm) (17127) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 10 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Weston Woods (0556) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (KPE) 

Synopsis  The many verses of YANKEE DOODLE, a song symbolizing the colonists' brave struggle in the War of Independence, are vividly brought to life through a young boy's adventure in an enemy camp. Steven Kellogg's illustrations erupt with vigorous action and blazes of color as the verses are sung by the the Colonial Williamsburg Fife and Drum Corps. 

Author  BANGS, EDWARD, 

Subjects  Children's Films; Music 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Yankee Painter (16mm) (17129) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 27 minutes 

Produced  1968 

Distributor International Film Bureau (0265) 

Audience  Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (SCA) 

Synopsis  Presents drawings, water colors, and oils of Winslow Homer to show the progress of his career, his artistic development, and the breadth of his interests. 

Subjects  Artists; Homer, Winslow, 1836-1910; Painters 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Year of the Mountain Goat (16mm) (17130) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 11 minutes 

Produced  1975 

Distributor Churchill Media (0115) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6), Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (PEJSCA) 

Synopsis  Shows the mountain goat in its Rocky Mountain environment and the ways it adapts to the changing seasons. 

Subjects  Mountain Goats 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Yellow Slippers (16mm) (17134) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 45 minutes 

Produced  1969 

Distributor Mcgraw-Hill Films (0334) 

Audience  Elementary (4-6) (E) 

Synopsis  There is a legend behind the magnificent altarpiece sculptures in St. Mary's Cathedral in Cracow, Poland. A boy's kidnapping and rescue, the loss of his slippers behind the altarpiece, and the final magnificent spectacle of the finished altarpiece are a moving climax to this film. 

Subjects  Children's Films 

Holdings      16mm film, 2 copies

Physical  Color; Sound; 27 minutes 

Produced  1976 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (KPE) 

Synopsis  The story of eight-year-old Virginia O'Hanlon who tries every source to find out if there really is a Santa Claus and finally writes to the editor of the New York Sun for her answer. 

Subjects  Christmas 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Youth to Maturity (16mm) (17209) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 29 minutes 

Produced  1972 

Distributor International Health Awareness Cent (0266) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  Traces the development of United States foreign relations from the doctrine of manifest destiny to the participation of the United States in The Hague conferences of the early 20th century. Shows how United States policy reflected America's growth from the status of a small and weak nation to its position as a world industrial power. 

Holdings      16mm film, 3 copies

Title  Zebras (16mm) (17216) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 10 minutes 

Produced  1973 

Distributor Texture Films (0514) 

Audience  Kindergarten, Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (KPE) 

Synopsis  An animated film about two zebras who misplace one of their stripes and about the adventures they experience in recovering it. 

Holdings      16mm film, 1 copy

Title  Zlateh the Goat (16mm) (17219) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 20 minutes 

Produced  1972 

Distributor Weston Woods (0556) 

Audience  Primary (1-3), Elementary (4-6) (PE) 

Synopsis  Presents a story from prewar Poland about the adventures that befall Aaron and his beloved goat on their way to the butchers. Portrays the interdependence of man and nature, and shows the need of all living things for one another. 

Author  SINGER, ISAAC BASHEVIS, 

Holdings      16mm film, 3 copies

Title  Zookeepers (16mm) (17220) 

Physical  Color; Sound; 29 minutes 

Produced  1981 

Distributor Films Incorporated Video (0191) 

Audience  Junior/Middle (7-9), Senior High (9-12), College, Adult (JSCA) 

Synopsis  This is a picture of what goes on behind the scenes at Chicago's Lincoln Park Zoo. The keepers are shown as they prepare and dispense food, apply medication, tend the baby animals in the nursery and attend to all the other chores necessary for the well-being of their charges.